Focus on Benign Thyroid Disease: From Thyroid Nodule to Hyperthyroidism and Immune Disease

Integrate multidisciplinary clinical and imaging findings into patient-centred decision-making through interactive case discussions. Describe the physiology and pathophysiology of thyroid function and benign thyroid diseases. Perform a structured diagnostic work-up of patients with thyroid nodules and diffuse thyroid disease. Interpret thyroid ultrasound findings and apply current ultrasound risk stratification systems. Understand the indications, techniques, and interpretation of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and thyroid cytology classifications. Select the appropriate nuclear medicine imaging modality, including thyroid scintigraphy, MIBI imaging, and the potential role of PET in selected thyroid disorders. Apply current international guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules. Develop evidence-based treatment strategies for hyperthyroidism, including patient selection for radioactive iodine therapy. Recognize and manage Graves’ disease, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and treatment-related thyroid dysfunction.

Nuclear medicine specialists and physicians in training, endocrinologists, internal medicine specialists, all physicians, including surgeons, with a particular interest in thyroid disorders.